A represents the potential longterm average annual soil loss in tonnes per hectare tons per acre per year. Estimating your soil erosion losses with the universal. Pdf estimation of soil erosion by using usle researchgate. Soil loss equation is to predict soil loss by using mathematical methods to evaluate factors causing soil erosion. The result obtained from usle model has been compared with existing model, nayak and khosla.
Faculty of civil engineering and earth resources, universiti malaysia pahang. Pollutant load estimation for water quality monitoring. But, in the highlands of ethiopia, annual soil loss reaches up to 200 300 ton per hectare, making the total loss 23,400. Universal soil loss equation and revised universal soil loss equation 9 include any impact either erosion or deposition of the concentrated flow channels that form in the natural swales at the bottom of the roughly planar hillslopes, and certainly did not address classical gullying processes that often occur at steep bound. This project would increase the understanding of the waterborne soil erosion directly related to river systems and the gis combined rusle model.
Estimation of soil erosion risk using the universal soil. A comprehensive methodology that integrates erosion models, geographic information system gis techniques, and a sediment delivery concept for estimating water. Pdf introduction erosion, the detachment of particles of soil and surfacial sediments and rocks, occurs by hydrological fluvial processes of sheet. Estimation of potential soil erosion rate using rusle and. Soil degradation in the form of soil erosion is a serious and continuous environmental problem in jabi tehinan woreda. Estimation of soil erosion using rusle and gis techniques. Estimate the potential soil loss areas within the kallar watershed, 2. Estimation of soil loss by usle model using gis and remote. The maximum mean soil loss rate estimated was 22 thayr from barren land. The nrcs revised universal soil loss equation rusle is one method of estimating soil loss. This study attempts to utilize the revised version of the universal soil loss equation rusle, combined with rs and gis technologies to.
Noor alia atiqah, ahmad rohaidi 2012 the comparison between universal soil loss equation usle and revised universal soil loss equation rusle for annual soil loss estimation at construction site. Evaluation of soil loss estimation using the rusle model. Soil erosion is the main cause of declining production and must be controlled to sustain production and keep soil loss below a threshold. The application of the soil loss estimation model for southern africa slemsa, the universal soil loss equation usle and the revised universal soil loss equation rusle in southern africa is investigated. The methodology to perform this first paneuropean estimate of the total soil loss due to crop harvesting rests on crop statistics aggregated at regional and national level and soil texture data obtained through the interpolation of ca. Eurasian j soil sci estimation of soil loss by usle model using gis and remote sensing techniques. Pdf soil loss estimation through usle and mmf methods in.
The comparison between universal soil loss equation usle. Soil erosion is one of the main forms of land degradation. Estimation of pollutant load through monitoring is a complex task that requires accurate measurement of both pollutant concentration and water flow and careful calculation, often based on a statistical approach. Soil loss estimates will be rounded and reported as whole numbers. Estimation of soil erosion dynamics in the koshi basin.
Improvement of the kfactor of usle and soil erosion. A r k ls c p 1 where a is the average annual soil loss in tnhayr, r is the rainfallrunoff factor. Estimation of soil erosion in nepal using a rusle modeling. Pioneering the use of computers to analyze more than 11,000 plotyears ofbasic runoff and soil loss data from studies at 47 locations in 24 states,walter. Erosion contributes to loss of agricultural land productivity and ecological and esthetic values of natural environment, and it impairs the production of safe drinking water and hydroenergy production. It is imperative that a nps monitoring program be designed for good load estimation at the start. Based on the results of this estimation, the area which is vulnerable to erosion can be determined, and the.
Estimating sheet and rill erosion the revised universal soil loss equation version 2 rusle2 is used to estimate interrill sheet and rill erosion caused by water. The erosion values reflected by these factors can vary considerably due to varying weather conditions. For the validation of the soil loss estimation model sediment delivery ratio concept was used, as observed data of sediment yield was present for the study area and no observed data of soil loss was available. So its essential to estimate the soil loss, control soil erosion of and protection in the watershed. This study is a scaled up approach combined with a gis interface to estimate soil erosion using the rusle model in the kelani river basin, which is more. Rusle parameters were assessed using satellite remote sensing rs and gis with a view to model soil erosion in champabati watershed in assam. Universal soil loss equation taiwan soil and water conservation manual 18 clearly stipulates that whenever slopeland is involved in nonagricultural development, soil loss estimation before, during, and after development must be conducted.
Thus, assessment of soil erosion and identifying the lands more prone to erosion are vital for erosion management. Soil erosion experimentation around the world commonly uses field runoff plots from which runoff and soil loss are collected. Soil loss due to crop harvesting in the european union. Universal soil loss equation usle a r x k x ls x c x p. The national runoff and soil loss datacenter was established at purdue university in 1954 to locate, assemble,and consolidate data from soil erosion studies throughout the unitedstates. Not only does soil loss reduce the cultivable soil depth but it also takes away the fertile soils from the farmlands. The universal soil loss equation usle is a widely used mathematical model that describes soil erosion processes erosion models play critical roles in soil and water resource conservation and nonpoint source pollution assessments, including. Soil erosion assessment using gis and revised universal. A case study of muhuri river basin, tripura, india amit bera 0 0 department of geography and disaster management, tripura university, suryamaninagar, tripura, india soil erosion is a most severe environmental problem in humid subtropical hilly state tripura. Rusle2 is an upgrade of the textbased rusle dos version 1. Potential erosion from a site is important when prioritizing part 91 site inspections.
Base map a base map has been generated by digitizing the survey of india soi toposheet as reference map for all other purposes. Assessment of uncertainties in soil erosion and sediment yield. Application of empirical soil loss models in southern. Gizachew ayalew, a geographic information system based soil loss and sediment estimation in zingin watershed for conservation planning, highlands of ethiopia, international journal of science, technology and society. Soil loss estimation using rusle model to prioritize erosion control in. The total soil loss from barren land was estimated to be 18 million t in 1990 and 15 million t in 2010. This equation provides an estimate of the soil loss rate in tonshectareyear.
The model result shows that the average annual soil loss in the watershed is 17. At country level, total soil loss by erosion from all land is estimated at almost 1. Uncontrolled land use, deforestation, over cultivation, overgrazing and exploitation of biomass for firewood, construction and other household uses due to increasing population ultimately lead to severe soil erosion. The volume of the collected watersediment mixture is usually so great that subsampling techniques are required to estimate total soil loss in any erosion event. Soil losses occur from areas subjected to different types of erosion. Further, the soil erosion rate was classified into four.
It is a computer model containing both empirical and processbased. Here, the revised universal soil loss equation rusle and. The total soil loss from agricultural land was estimated to be 10 million t in 1990 and 14 million t in 2010. Mining operations result in the generation of barren land and spoil heaps which are subject to high erosion rate during the rainy season. Predicting soil loss associated with modern land use is based on guidelines developed from research. The fourth 4th largest river of papua new guinea, and its catchment area was. Universal soil erosion equation for questions 17, determine what the rate of soil erosion will be without factoring in sustainability measures for two different sites in jordan. A user friendly gis model for the estimation of erosion. Empirical soil loss models are relatively simple and have been applied in many parts of the world. Along with the soil losses, loss of plant nutrients also occurs. The equation uses the values of parameters of the factors that affect the soil erosion. Tableofcontents illinoiserosioncontrolprogram 1 theuniversalsoillossequationusee 1 rainfallrfactor 2 soilerodibilitykfactor 2 slopelengthandsteepnesslsfactor 3 croppingandmanagementcfactor 3 conservationpracticespfactor 5 usingtheusee 6 workingthroughsomeexamples 6 solvingtheuseeforc 7 gettinghelp 7 tables 816. A universal soil loss equation has been developed by the soil scientists to estimate the soil loss from any area around the globe. It is an effective tool for assessing soil conservation.
Estimating water erosion and sediment yield with gis. Assessment of soil erosion and analysis of soil loss based on subwatershed within a watershed has been done by using morgan model 1984. The total soil loss for the whole watershed was found as 28. It has been shown that the commonly used method involving a collection box or. Cs from the atmospheric testing of nuclear devices in the 1950s and 1960s was used to estimate soil erosion in eight small. This research established an empirical methodology to estimate potential soil erosion rate based on revised universal soil loss equation rusle and e30 model. This is the amount, which is compared to the tolerable soil loss limits. While it can estimate long term annual soil loss and guide conservationists on proper cropping, management, and conservation practices, it can not be applied. Spain is the worlds leading producer of olive oil, with the largest number of olive agrosystems in the andalusia region. An area capable of stopping all saltating soil particles from entering the windward side of a downwind field or unprotected area. Application of revised universal soil loss equation rusle. Estimation of sediment yield using the universal soil loss. The present study uses the revised universal soil loss equation rusle and scscn soil conservation service curve number process to estimate in kiruburu and meghahatuburu mining sites areas. A geographic information system based soil loss and.
Estimating water erosion and sediment yield with gis, rusle, and sedd c. Estimation of soil loss using usle model for kulhan. The revised universal soil loss equation rusle framed with gis and remote sensing technique was used to estimate the mean annual soil loss occurred in kw. Soil microbial life only makes up 5% of soil organic matter, but it is nevertheless vitally important in relation to. Practices that reduce the velocity of runoff and the tendency.
The revised universal soil loss equation rusle is an empirical model developed by renard et al. Model simulation of soil loss, nutrient loss and soil. Application of gully and rill erosion indicators for. After reading this article you will learn about the estimation of soil loss caused by water erosion. Laterites of birbhum district are indentified as the lowlevel laterites of rarh plain of west bengal and these are very much prone to severe soil erosion mainly surface and subsurface water erosion in the monsoonal season june september. Five major factors are used to calculate the soil loss for a given site. Rusle revised universal soil loss equation is widely used to predict average annual rate of soil erosion. The study was conducted on a highly precipitated, rugged, tropical forested with steep slope watershed during 1992 to 2009. Furthermore, usle 12 is recommended as the basis for soil loss estimation as shown in equation 1. A soil loss thayr areaha works duration years est gross. A detail about the equation and its parameters are discussed in. However, rural migration, low profitability, and biophysical limitations to production have compromised their sustainability.
Soil loss is a major threat to the agricultural development in malawi and by extension is also a major hindrance to the overall economic development of the country since the malawian economy is dependent on agriculture. A rxkxlxsxcxp 1 where, a is the average annual soil loss per unit area expressed in toneshayear t ha1 year 1. Model simulation of soil loss, nutrient loss and soil organic carbon the purpose of this study is to identify areas of the country that have the highest potential for sediment and nutrient loss from farm fields, wind erosion, and soil quality degradation areas of the country that would likely benefit the most from conservation practices. Soil erosion estimation model rusle the revised universal soil loss equation rusle model has been adopted to estimate the annual soil loss and the equation equation 1 is as.
310 1626 523 1199 210 721 354 171 159 182 1124 1226 1354 769 887 1522 332 1585 1050 1392 1453 851 487 1359 616 1279 530 922 1086 871 1293 1022 1220 1425 598 1437 870 668 1480 717 793 1219